Symptoms of Plaque Psoriasis
The main symptom of plaque psoriasis is the development of red, raised, scaly patches on the skin. These patches are often itchy and can be painful, especially if they crack and bleed. Plaques can appear anywhere on the body, but they are commonly found on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back. In some cases, plaque psoriasis can also affect the nails, causing them to become thick, pitted, and discolored.
Causes of Plaque Psoriasis
Plaque psoriasis is caused by an overactive immune system that triggers the rapid growth of skin cells. Genetic factors play a significant role in the development of plaque psoriasis, as it often runs in families. Environmental factors such as stress, infections, and certain medications can also contribute to flare-ups of plaque psoriasis.
Treatment Options for Plaque Psoriasis
There is no cure for plaque psoriasis, but various treatment options can help manage the symptoms and improve the quality of life for individuals with the condition. Topical treatments such as corticosteroids, retinoids, and coal tar can be used to reduce inflammation and scale formation. Phototherapy, or light therapy, involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet light to help control the symptoms of plaque psoriasis. In severe cases, systemic medications such as biologics, immunosuppressants, and oral retinoids may be prescribed to target the immune system and reduce inflammation.